Accumulative line graph or Lorenz curve.

http://edecon.wordpress.com/2011/06/

The Lorenz curve above displays the graphical relationship between the cumulative percentage of population and percentage of income. Lorenz curves represent the cumulative function distribution of the probability of wealth, while the graph above displays a 45 degree line representing equality. The graph above shows an unequal distribution of income, with the lorenz curve dipping under the equality line. 

Isopach Map

http://www.geo.utexas.edu/faculty/barker/kempter/rbtephra.html

The map above displays the Rio Blanco tephra, which erupted from the active crater. The tephra has deposits ranging in thickness a few centimeters from the crater. Isopach maps illustrate thickness variations, with equal representations over the area. The deposits from crater include plagioclase, orthopyroxene and hornblende. 

Classed choropleth maps.

http://my.ilstu.edu/~jrcarter/Geo204/Choro/

The map above displays the ratio of the amount of males in North America, including Puerto Rico, compared to the number of females. Classed choropeth maps do not tell exact values but map aggregate regions, in which the map above aggregates states into categories with dark to light shaded regions. 

Continuously variable proportional circle map.

https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog486/book/export/html/1796
Continuously variable proportional maps represent the distribution of a certain amount of variables and how they're proportioned throughout a region. The numbers in these types of maps are not quantized and often have different color circles for accurate representation. The map above shows each circle representing the proportion of different types of meat sent to Paris from France. 

Isotachs

http://stresscretegroup.com/technical-resources/wind-maps/american-isotach-wind-map.asp

This map represents gust speeds across the U.S. The map displays linear interpolation between wind speed contours and contours representing the wind speed of coastal area. An isotach map displays a region represented with contour lines to show wind speeds, as does the graph above. 

Isobars

http://www.earthlyissues.com/wind.htm

The map above is an isobar map representation of North America. The contour lines are used to represent areas where the atmospheric pressure is the same. With lines being closer together where there is more rapid changes, the map above shows the most pressure changes in the southeast and northwest regions.

Lidar

http://cintos.org/LiDAR_images/

This map is displaying the Cordova, South Carolina area. The difference colors represent elevation, showing the dark blue hill 95 meters below sea level. Lidar maps are for light detection and ranging, which uses a lidar for remote sensing of a certain area. The area above uses lidar mapping applications to display Cordova.